Reële kans op vestiging? |
Ja |
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Betrouwbaarheid beoordeling |
Grote mate van zekerheid (meerdere bronnen) |
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Vestigingsstatus |
Gevestigd |
|
Zeldzaamheid |
Lokaal |
|
Invasiviteit |
Potentieel invasief |
|
Invasiviteit (toelichting) |
M. leucophaeata is locally abundant in Europe and occasionally reaches high densities (15,000 to 28,000 individuals per m2 in parts of its range were it is introduced: Verween et al. 2009). It became a severe fouling species in the 1990s (Rajagopal, Van der Velde & Jenner 1995, Verween et al. 2005), clogging European industrial cooling-water systems, even occurring in cooling water conduits of power stations. |
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Type introductie |
Niet opzettelijk |
|
Jaar van eerste introductie |
1895 |
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Jaar van eerste melding |
1897 |
|
Natuurlijke verspreiding |
Noord-Amerika |
|
Afrika |
|
Noordelijke Atlantische Oceaan |
|
Verspreiding in Nederland |
Friesland |
|
Gelderland |
|
Groningen |
|
Noord-Holland |
|
Zuid-Holland |
|
Zeeland |
|
Verspreiding in Nederland (toelichting) |
In the Netherlands the species is mainly restricted to oligohaline (brackish) waters. The largest population lives in the North Sea Canal, between IJmuiden and Amesterdam. There are also records from other provinces, among which several from fresh water (a.o. the rivers Rijn, Lek, Waal, Amstel). |
|
Habitats |
Estuaria en brakwatergebieden |
|
Wijze van introductie |
Ballastwater schip/boot |
|
Aangroei op scheepsrompen |
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Onderling verbonden waterwegen/bassins/zeeën |
|
Impact |
Sociaal-economisch |
|
Ecologische impact (toelichting) |
This species is locally abundant and occasionally reaches high densities (15,000 to 28,000 individuals per m2 in introduced parts of its range: Verween et al. 2009). It is adaptable to different environments; has broad ecological tolerance; inhabits freshwater and oligohaline habitats; is capable of ingesting (filter-feeding) a wide range of food; is fast growing with high reproductive potential, has a longevity of up to 4 years, spreads via swimming larvae. In the Netherlands it has spread via ship ballast water and natural dispersion (larvae) and maybe also attached to hulls of ships and floating materials. |
|
Economische impact (toelichting) |
M. leucophaeata became a severe fouling species in the 1990s (Rajagopal, Van der Velde & Jenner, 1995; Verween et al., 2005), clogging European industrial cooling-water systems, even occurring in cooling water conduits of power stations. |
|