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Strandgaper Mya arenaria

Foto: Dick Belgers

Indeling

Myidae [familie]
Mya [genus] (2/2)
arenaria [soort]

Exotenpaspoort ?

Vestigingsstatus Gevestigd
Zeldzaamheid Zeer algemeen
Invasiviteit Niet invasief
Invasiviteit (toelichting) There is debate about the origin of the populations in the Netherlands and elsewhere in Europe. Wolff (1973) suggests the species colonized European waters in the 16th or 17th century. There is evidence however, that already the Vikings were responsible for the introduction 1245-1295 (Petersen et al. 1992, Reise et al., 2001). It has been suggested that they transported the species from Greenland. M. arenaria is tolerant of low salinity and quite large changes in salinity and temperature. It is common in estuaries in its introduced range. In the Netherlands the species is considered completely naturalized. When it invades a new area, it still shows some invasive properties, as for instance in 2004 in the Veerse Meer, when the creation of the sluice Katse Heule, resulted in an sudden but temporary increase of the species (De Bruyne et al. 2013).
Type introductie Niet opzettelijk
Jaar van eerste introductie 1245 - 1295
Jaar van eerste melding 1762 - 1765
Natuurlijke verspreiding
  • Noordelijke Atlantische Oceaan
  • Noordelijke IJszee
  • Verspreiding in Nederland
  • Friesland
  • Groningen
  • Noord-Holland
  • Zuid-Holland
  • Zeeland
  • Verspreiding in Nederland (toelichting) The first record from the Netherlands is probably the one by Baster (1762-1765). As it was introduced (very) long ago, there are no records of the invasive spread of Mya arenaria in the Netherlands. The species is abundant at many localities in the province of Zeeland, and lives in de mud of many estuaries and in the Wadden Sea-area, with smaller populations along the North Sea coast in sandy bottoms of Noord-Holland and Zuid-Holland and on the Wadden Islands.
    Habitats
  • Mariene habitats
  • Estuaria en brakwatergebieden
  • Kustgebied
  • Wijze van introductie Onderling verbonden waterwegen/bassins/zeeën
    Ecologische impact (toelichting) M. arenaria has been present in Europe for several hundreds of years and the species is in the Netherlands considered completely naturalized. There is no knowledge on its ecological impact as the situation before its introduction is unknown.
    Economische impact (toelichting) In the Netherlands until now there is no evidence of economic impact. The species is not gathered for food or bait as happens in some other regions.

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